(coreutils.info)String tests

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16.3.4 String tests
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These options test string characteristics.  You may need to quote STRING
arguments for the shell.  For example:

     test -n "$V"

   The quotes here prevent the wrong arguments from being passed to
‘test’ if ‘$V’ is empty or contains special characters.

‘-z STRING’
     True if the length of STRING is zero.

‘-n STRING’
‘STRING’
     True if the length of STRING is nonzero.

‘STRING1 = STRING2’
     True if the strings are equal.

‘STRING1 == STRING2’
     True if the strings are equal (synonym for =).

‘STRING1 != STRING2’
     True if the strings are not equal.