(eplain.info)Mode-specific penalties

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7.9 Mode-specific penalties
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TeX's built-in '\penalty' command simply appends to the current list, no
matter what kind of list it is. You might intend a particular penalty to
always be a "vertical" penalty, however, i.e., appended to a vertical
list. Therefore, Eplain provides '\vpenalty' and '\hpenalty' which first
leave the other mode and then do '\penalty'.

   More precisely, '\vpenalty' inserts '\par' if the current mode is
horizontal, and '\hpenalty' inserts '\leavevmode' if the current mode is
vertical. (Thus, '\vpenalty' cannot be used in math mode.)