(octave.info)Diagonal Matrix Functions

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21.3.1 Diagonal Matrix Functions
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“inv” and “pinv” can be applied to a diagonal matrix, yielding again a
diagonal matrix.  “det” will use an efficient straightforward
calculation when given a diagonal matrix, as well as “cond”.  The
following mapper functions can be applied to a diagonal matrix without
converting it to a full one: “abs”, “real”, “imag”, “conj”, “sqrt”.  A
diagonal matrix can also be returned from the “balance” and “svd”
functions.  The “sparse” function will convert a diagonal matrix
efficiently to a sparse matrix.