(octave.info)Increment Ops

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8.7 Increment Operators
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_Increment operators_ increase or decrease the value of a variable by 1.
The operator to increment a variable is written as ‘++’.  It may be used
to increment a variable either before or after taking its value.

   For example, to pre-increment the variable X, you would write ‘++X’.
This would add one to X and then return the new value of X as the result
of the expression.  It is exactly the same as the expression ‘X = X +
1’.

   To post-increment a variable X, you would write ‘X++’.  This adds one
to the variable X, but returns the value that X had prior to
incrementing it.  For example, if X is equal to 2, the result of the
expression ‘X++’ is 2, and the new value of X is 3.

   For matrix and vector arguments, the increment and decrement
operators work on each element of the operand.

   Here is a list of all the increment and decrement expressions.

‘++X’
     This expression increments the variable X.  The value of the
     expression is the _new_ value of X.  It is equivalent to the
     expression ‘X = X + 1’.

‘--X’
     This expression decrements the variable X.  The value of the
     expression is the _new_ value of X.  It is equivalent to the
     expression ‘X = X - 1’.

‘X++’
     This expression causes the variable X to be incremented.  The value
     of the expression is the _old_ value of X.

‘X--’
     This expression causes the variable X to be decremented.  The value
     of the expression is the _old_ value of X.