(octave.info)Numeric Input Conversions

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14.2.14 Numeric Input Conversions
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This section describes the ‘scanf’ conversions for reading numeric
values.

   The ‘%d’ conversion matches an optionally signed integer in decimal
radix.

   The ‘%i’ conversion matches an optionally signed integer in any of
the formats that the C language defines for specifying an integer
constant.

   For example, any of the strings ‘10’, ‘0xa’, or ‘012’ could be read
in as integers under the ‘%i’ conversion.  Each of these specifies a
number with decimal value ‘10’.

   The ‘%o’, ‘%u’, and ‘%x’ conversions match unsigned integers in
octal, decimal, and hexadecimal radices, respectively.

   The ‘%X’ conversion is identical to the ‘%x’ conversion.  They both
permit either uppercase or lowercase letters to be used as digits.

   By default, integers are read as 32-bit quantities.  With the ‘h’
modifier, 16-bit integers are used, and with the ‘l’ modifier, 64-bit
integers are used.