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An Introduction to R
********************

This is an introduction to R ("GNU S"), a language and environment for
statistical computing and graphics.  R is similar to the
award-winning(1) S system, which was developed at Bell Laboratories by
John Chambers et al.  It provides a wide variety of statistical and
graphical techniques (linear and nonlinear modelling, statistical tests,
time series analysis, classification, clustering, ...).

   This manual provides information on data types, programming elements,
statistical modelling and graphics.

   This manual is for R, version 3.5.2 (2018-12-20).

   Copyright © 1990 W. N. Venables
Copyright © 1992 W. N. Venables & D. M. Smith
Copyright © 1997 R. Gentleman & R. Ihaka
Copyright © 1997, 1998 M. Maechler
Copyright © 1999-2018 R Core Team

     Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
     this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission
     notice are preserved on all copies.

     Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
     this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided
     that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the
     terms of a permission notice identical to this one.

     Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
     manual into another language, under the above conditions for
     modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated
     in a translation approved by the R Core Team.

Preface

Introduction and preliminaries

Simple manipulations numbers and vectors

Objects

Factors

Arrays and matrices

Lists and data frames

Reading data from files

Probability distributions

Loops and conditional execution

Writing your own functions

Statistical models in R

Graphics

Packages

OS facilities

A sample session

Invoking R

The command-line editor

Function and variable index

Concept index

References

   ---------- Footnotes ----------

   (1) ACM Software Systems award, 1998:
<https://awards.acm.org/award_winners/chambers_6640862.cfm>.