(coreutils.info)Date conversion specifiers

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21.1.2 Date conversion specifiers
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‘date’ conversion specifiers related to dates.

‘%a’
     locale’s abbreviated weekday name (e.g., ‘Sun’)
‘%A’
     locale’s full weekday name, variable length (e.g., ‘Sunday’)
‘%b’
     locale’s abbreviated month name (e.g., ‘Jan’)
‘%B’
     locale’s full month name, variable length (e.g., ‘January’)
‘%c’
     locale’s date and time (e.g., ‘Thu Mar  3 23:05:25 2005’)
‘%C’
     century.  This is like ‘%Y’, except the last two digits are
     omitted.  For example, it is ‘20’ if ‘%Y’ is ‘2000’, and is ‘-0’ if
     ‘%Y’ is ‘-001’.  It is normally at least two characters, but it may
     be more.
‘%d’
     day of month (e.g., ‘01’)
‘%D’
     date; same as ‘%m/%d/%y’
‘%e’
     day of month, space padded; same as ‘%_d’
‘%F’
     full date in ISO 8601 format; same as ‘%Y-%m-%d’.  This is a good
     choice for a date format, as it is standard and is easy to sort in
     the usual case where years are in the range 0000...9999.
‘%g’
     year corresponding to the ISO week number, but without the century
     (range ‘00’ through ‘99’).  This has the same format and value as
     ‘%y’, except that if the ISO week number (see ‘%V’) belongs to the
     previous or next year, that year is used instead.
‘%G’
     year corresponding to the ISO week number.  This has the same
     format and value as ‘%Y’, except that if the ISO week number (see
     ‘%V’) belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used
     instead.  It is normally useful only if ‘%V’ is also used; for
     example, the format ‘%G-%m-%d’ is probably a mistake, since it
     combines the ISO week number year with the conventional month and
     day.
‘%h’
     same as ‘%b’
‘%j’
     day of year (‘001’...‘366’)
‘%m’
     month (‘01’...‘12’)
‘%q’
     quarter of year (‘1’...‘4’)
‘%u’
     day of week (‘1’...‘7’) with ‘1’ corresponding to Monday
‘%U’
     week number of year, with Sunday as the first day of the week
     (‘00’...‘53’).  Days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are
     in week zero.
‘%V’
     ISO week number, that is, the week number of year, with Monday as
     the first day of the week (‘01’...‘53’).  If the week containing
     January 1 has four or more days in the new year, then it is
     considered week 1; otherwise, it is week 53 of the previous year,
     and the next week is week 1.  (See the ISO 8601 standard.)
‘%w’
     day of week (‘0’...‘6’) with 0 corresponding to Sunday
‘%W’
     week number of year, with Monday as first day of week
     (‘00’...‘53’).  Days in a new year preceding the first Monday are
     in week zero.
‘%x’
     locale’s date representation (e.g., ‘12/31/99’)
‘%y’
     last two digits of year (‘00’...‘99’)
‘%Y’
     year.  This is normally at least four characters, but it may be
     more.  Year ‘0000’ precedes year ‘0001’, and year ‘-001’ precedes
     year ‘0000’.